Multiple bar shaft lock



Sept. 26, 1944. I s. T. SMITH r 2,359,010

MULTIPLE BAR SHAFT LOCK Filed MayA, 1942 5 Sheets-Sheet l IN VENT OR.

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MULTIPLE BAR SHAFT LOCK Filed May 4, 1942 s Sheets-Sheet s INVENTOR.

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Sept. 26, 1944. s. T. SMITH MULTIPLE BAR SHAFT LOCK Filed May 4, 1942 INVENTOR. 4 I M 7m 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 v Patented Sept. 26, 1944 UNiTED STATES PATENT OFFICE MULTIPLE. BAR SHAFT LooK Skardon T. Smith, Detroit, Mich. Application May 4, 1942, Serial No. 441,670 4 Claims. ('01. 192-8) This invention relates to an improvement of my former locking device described in Patent No. 1,835,349, dated Dec. 8, 1931, and herein provides means for adapting multiple lock bars to connected power shaft units mounted within a common housing.

The object of my invention is to provide a multiple locking unit for a drive shaft to prevent backward rotation thereof whenever an excessive rotating force is applied to the shaft through a connected driven unit as may be attached thereto.

Another object is to provide a strong bar shaft connector, capable of functioning freely when rotated by the driving shaft unit, in either direction, but will automatically lock within the supporting housing if an opposing rotating force is applied thereto through the driven shaft section.

A further object is to provide a simple but strong locking unit that can be readily installed on any driving shafting capable of adaption to a fixedly mounted housing unit.

These several objects are attained in the preferred form by the construction and arrangement of parts as are more fully hereinafter set forth. Similar parts are marked on all drawings by similar numerals or letters.

Fig. 1 is an elevation of the assembled unit showing means for mounting the housing on a fixed support member.

Fig. 2 is an end view taken on the line 2-2 of the Fig. 1, showing the general housing construction.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view, except for the central shaft and lock units, as taken on the line 33 of the Fig. 2, showing the general arrangement of the operating parts.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional View taken on the line 4-4 of the Fig. 3, showing the relative position of the lock bars and operating shaft lugs, and application of the displacement springs mounted in their centralizing positions.

Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate details of the operating lugs formed on the end of the driving shaft section.

Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate the detail of the operating lug formed on the end of the driven shaft unit.

Figs. 9 and 10 show a detail of a. typical lock bar as used in the multiple assembly.

Fig. 11 is also a sectional View similar to the Fig. 3, showing thegeneral arrangement of a.

line l2l2 of the Fig. 11, showing the relative position of the multiple operating bar units.

Figs. 13 and 14 are details illustrating the operating lugs formed on the driving shaft section.

Figs. 15 and 16 illustrate similar details for the lugs formed on the driven shaft section end.

Fig. 17 is an end view of the housing showing means for fixedly mounting same on a support member. a

The general construction of my improved shaft lock comprises a fixedly mounted housing formed with a cylindrical central chamber, and having end bearings through opposite chamber ends positioned concentric with the chamber axis. Multiple lock bars arranged diametrically across the chamber are loosely mounted therein. Shaft sections are rotatably mounted within opposite housing end bearings and are provided with projected operating lugs designed to engage and displace the multiple lock bars sidewise whenever any rotating power is applied thereto through either of the connected shaft sections, operating either for looking or releasing said bars within the housing chamber.

I will now describe more fully the detail constructionof my device referring to the drawings and the marks thereon, a

The housing casing A is preferably formed of a cylindrical brake ring I, and with turned cylindrical end bearing caps 2 and 3 rigidly mounted on opposite ends thereof by'suitable stud bolts 4. The brakering l is formed a true cylindrical section, preferably with hardened and ground inner cylindrical surface a. Both end caps 2 and 3 are likewise turned cylindrical sections, and preferably provided with roller bearings 5, designed and positioned concentric with the housing chamber B and cylindrical brake ring surface a. 'The bearing cap 3 is'formed with a flat end wall provided with suitable bolt holes 6 for securely attaching the housing to any rigid support member C for retaining said housing in a fixed and rigid position. Within the housing brake ring I is mounted a special lock bar 1, arranged in pairs positioned diametrically opposite each other across the chamber recess. The lock bars I are formed with an inner wall recess 0 and with the extended end surfaces d turned to a cylindrical diameter slightly smaller than the inclosing brake ring surface 11, allowing a slight sidewise displacement transversely of the shaft axis of the lock bars therein; Each lock bar I is designed and positioned to form contact with the ring surface a at some pre-determined locking angle'when displaced away from the chamber centerline by an excentrically applied force. through the end bearing cap 2, and a corresponding driven shaft 9 is likewise rotatably through the opposite end bearing cap 3, as illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings. Each of the shaft sections 8 and 9 is provided with a collar section 6 and 1 respectively, for retaining said shaft sections in a predetermined position within the housing chamber B. The driving shaft collar 8 is provided with extended sectional tubular lugs g projected from the inner end thereof, positioned diametrically opposite each other flush with the collar rim, and concentric with the shaft axis, designed to engage the outer edges h of the pairs of lock bars 1 for displacing them away from the locking positions, and into their free turning positions within the housing. Likewise the driven shaft collar f is provided with a flattened cylindrical lug It also of the collar diameter and formed with opposite parallel sides m, designed to engage the bar inner recess walls 0 and forcibly displace said bars outwardly to their locking positions whenever a turning force is applied through the driven shaft section 9. The multiple bars 1 and inclosing lug g form a rigid clamp means around the inclosed shaft lug 7c, providing a complete turning unit for the driven shaft section, whenever the lock bars are free to rotate within the housing chamber B. If desired, stressed displacement springs l5 may be inserted on either side of the respective lock bars positioned to engage one of the adjacent operating lugs, for retaining said bars under a predetermined pressure in either a centralized or a locking position with the inclosing chamber walls, when otherwise unrestrained, thus controlling the lock bar operations for the initial moderate operating forces, as illustrated in the Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings for centralizing all bars.

It can readily be seen that any rotating force as may be applied to the respective lock bars through the driving shaft section 8, will automatically displace all look bars 1 centrally, if not already displaced by the springs l5 when used therein, and transmit all rotatin power directly to the driven shaft section 9. However any opposing rotating force as may be applied to the lock barsthrough the driven shaft section 9 and connected cylindrical'operating lugs It will displace all bars! outwardly, unless already dise placed by the reversely applied springs 15, and will fixedly lock said lock bars I with the brake ring surface at, preventing all further rotations of the shaft units.

The Figs. ll and 12 illustrate a modified application of my device, there applying two sets of double lock bars 1, instead of the single settpreviously illustrated and described, the driven shaft central lugs being modified accordingly. The application and operation is exactly the same as previously described.

' The Figs. 13 to 16 illustrate the lug modifications.

Having fully described my multiple bar shaft look, what I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is z. i

1. A multiple bar shaft lock designed to prevent backward rotation of a connected driven section, comprising a rigidly mounted housing section formed with a central cylindrical chamber 'provided with connected shaft bearings through oppositeends thereof concentric with the chamber axis, a driving shaft section and. a driven shaft section, rotatably mounted within; the opposite A driving shaft 8 is rotatably mounted end bearings with their ends positioned adjacent and wtihin the housing cylindrical chamber, said the inclosing chamber walls when displaced by th driving shaft lugs.

2. A multiple bar shaft lock adapted to prevent backward rotation of a connected shaftsection, comprising a fixedly mounted housing formed with a central cylindrical chamber provided with connected shaft bearings through opposite chamber ends concentric with the chamber axis, a driving shaft section and a driven shaft section rotatably mounted within the opposite end bearings, sa d driving section being formed with separated end tubular operating lugs positioned symmetrically about the shaft axis and projected within the housing cylindrical chamber, said driven shaft section being formed with a flattened cylindrical operating lug projected within the tubular lugs but separated therefrom, a pair of lock bars formed with circular ends of a diameter slightly smaller than the housing chamber diameter rotatably mounted within said chamber positioned between the lug projections on oppo- "site sides of the chamber diameter, designed for a slight sidewise displacement transversely of the shaft axis to engage the chamber walls at a predetermined locking angle and lock therewith under pressure when displaced by an eccentric force applied thereto through the driven shaft operating lugs, and releasesaid lock bars with the chamber walls when displaced bythe driving 3. A multiple bar shaft lock designed to prevent backward rotation of connected shaft section, comprising a fixedly mounted housing formed with acentral cylindrical chamber provided with connected shaft bearings through opposite chamber ends concentric with the' chamber axis, a driving shaft section and a driven shaft section rotatably mounted within the opposite end bear- I ings, tubular section rim lugs formed on the inner end of the driving shaft section projected within th cylindrical chamber, said lugs being equally disposed one in each quadrant positioned parallel to the shaft axis, said driven shaft section being formed with multiple flattened cylindrical operatinglug sections positioned at right angles to each other and projected-within the opposing tubular lugs but separated therefrom, pairs of 'lock'bars oppositely disposed, rotatably mounted within the cylindrical chamber positioned between the respective driving and driven shaft operating lugs, capable of slight sidewise displacement transversely of the shaft axis within said chamber, designed to engage the chamber walls and lock therewith when displaced under pressure applied by the driven shaft lugs,'and release from the chamber walls when displaced by the driving shaftoperating lugs.

4. A multiple bar shaft lock designedto prevent backward rotation of a connected driven section, comprising a rigidly mounted housing section formed with a central'cylindrical chamber protransversely of the shaft axis within the inclosing chamber capable of engaging with the chamber walls at a locking angle and lock therewith under pressure when displaced by eccentric forces applied through the driven shaft operating lugs, and release said bars with the inclosing chamber walls when displaced by the driving-shaft lugs, and spring means mounted between each of the said lock bars and one operating lug for retaining said lock bars under pressure in predetermined positions within the housing chamber when otherwise unrestrained.

SKARDON T. SMITH. 

